منابع مشابه
A tale of two cities. Vulnerabilities of the London and Paris transit networks
This paper analyses the impact of random failure or attack on the public transit networks of London and Paris in a comparative study. In particular we analyze how the dysfunction or removal of sets of stations or links (rails, roads, etc.) affects the connectivity properties within these networks. We show how accumulating dysfunction leads to emergent phenomena that cause the transportation sys...
متن کاملThe Nature of Partnership in Urban Renewal in Paris and London
This article reviews the growing body of European literature exploring the nature of contemporary partnerships. Some common themes emerge, but there also appear to be differences in the way partnership is viewed in different national contexts. The paper then describes the relationships between organizations involved in the process of redevelopment of an area of Paris and an area of London. Thes...
متن کاملIntermodal Competition in The London-Paris Passenger Market: High-Speed Rail and Air Transport
This paper studies interand intramodal competition in the London-Paris passenger market. Using revealed preference data, we estimate nested and mixed multinomial logit models to examine passenger behaviour in the London-Paris market. We present a case study on the relocation of Eurostar services from Waterloo International to St Pancras International station. The results show that competition i...
متن کاملInfant mortality and income in 4 world cities: New York, London, Paris, and Tokyo.
OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between average income or deprivation and infant mortality rate across neighborhoods of 4 world cities. METHODS Using a maximum likelihood negative binomial regression model that controls for births, we analyzed data for 1988-1992 and 1993-1997. RESULTS In Manhattan, for both periods, we found an association (.05% significance level) between income...
متن کاملSchool Choice in London and Paris – A Comparison of Middle-class Strategies
Education is one major public service in which quasi-markets and other choice-based mechanisms are now established methods of delivery. The types of school people choose, and the extent to which their choices are realized, have a fundamental impact on the outcomes of any mechanism of school choice. In this article, we provide a comparative analysis of the school choice strategies of middle-clas...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Scientific American
سال: 1891
ISSN: 0036-8733
DOI: 10.1038/scientificamerican10031891-13131supp